Current Status and Development Trends of Irradiated Cross-linked Wires and Cables

Irradiation cross-linking, also known as electron beam cross-linking, involves using high-energy electron beams generated by electron accelerators to break and rebuild the molecular bonds within the insulation and sheath layers of cables. When high-energy electron beams penetrate materials such as polyolefins, they act like countless molecular scalpels, simultaneously cutting all the weak links in the original molecular chains and then re-welding them into a dense three-dimensional network structure. This process gives the raw materials unique properties such as temperature resistance, acid resistance, radiation resistance, high flame retardancy, and high toughness.

Irradiation cross-linked flame-retardant wires and cables are primarily used in fire-sensitive areas such as homes, multi-story buildings, hotels, hospitals, subways, nuclear power plants, tunnels, power plants, mines, oil and chemical plants, as well as in power supply lines for emergency equipment such as fire alarm systems, security equipment, smoke exhaust systems, emergency escape routes, and lighting. The advantages of electron beam irradiation of cross-linked wires and cables include:

1. Irradiation cross-linked products offer high performance, energy efficiency, and zero pollution;
2. Irradiation cross-linking is a method that can produce wires and cables that are both chemically cross-linked and flame-retardant.
3. High temperature resistance. Irradiation cross-linked products can withstand temperatures of 105-150℃, while other chemical cross-linking methods are currently limited to 90℃, and PVC is only 70℃.
4. Strong radiation resistance (good aging and thermal embrittlement resistance), and excellent crack resistance;
5. Irradiation products are cross-linked at room temperature, preventing conductor annealing and defects caused by thermal stress during the production process, and avoiding thermal stress on the insulation layer.

Future development trends show continuous progress in technological innovation for irradiated cables. For example, dynamic electron beam control technology, high-energy electron beam irradiation technology, and double-layer co-extrusion processes have not only further improved the durability and safety of wires but also made the production process more environmentally friendly. In the future, with continuous technological advancements, irradiated cables are expected to be applied in more fields, such as smart grids and efficient energy management systems, opening up broader market prospects.